Scrum Fundamentals

📌 What is Scrum?

Scrum is a lightweight, Agile framework used to develop, deliver, and sustain complex products. It focuses on iterative progress, collaboration, and customer value, especially in software development and IT projects — but also applicable to other fields.

Scrum is built on three pillars: 1. Transparency 2. Inspection 3. Adaptation

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📅 Scrum Overview in Simple Terms

Aspect	Details
Approach	Iterative and Incremental
Focus	Deliver value early and often
Duration of Iteration	Fixed time-boxed cycles called Sprints (typically 2-4 weeks)
Team Structure	Cross-functional, self-organizing teams

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🔑 Core Scrum Roles

Role	Responsibility
Product Owner (PO)	Defines product backlog, sets priorities, and represents customer needs
Scrum Master (SM)	Facilitates the Scrum process, removes impediments, coaches the team
Development Team	Delivers potentially shippable product increments each sprint

✅ Important: There are no sub-roles within the Development Team — everyone collaborates on delivering work.

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⚙️ Scrum Artifacts (Key Deliverables)

Artifact	Purpose
Product Backlog	List of all desired work (features, fixes, requirements)
Sprint Backlog	List of tasks selected for the current sprint
Increment	Working product produced at the end of each sprint

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🔄 Scrum Events (Ceremonies)

Event	Purpose	Duration
Sprint Planning	Plan work to be done in the Sprint	Max 8 hours for 1-month Sprint (proportionally less for shorter Sprints)
Daily Scrum (Stand-up)	Short daily meeting to discuss progress and obstacles	15 minutes
Sprint Review	Show completed work to stakeholders and get feedback	Max 4 hours for 1-month Sprint
Sprint Retrospective	Reflect on the Sprint and identify improvements	Max 3 hours for 1-month Sprint
The Sprint	Fixed timeframe where work is completed (2-4 weeks typically)	Continuous

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⚖️ Scrum Values

Value	What It Means
Commitment	Team members commit to achieving sprint goals
Courage	Courage to do the right thing, tackle challenges
Focus	Focus on the work of the sprint and team goals
Openness	Be transparent about progress and challenges
Respect	Respect each other's skills, experience, and opinions

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🚀 Scrum Workflow in Action (Simplified Steps)

1. Product Owner creates and maintains Product Backlog (list of prioritized features/tasks).

2. In Sprint Planning, team selects items to work on (creates Sprint Backlog).

3. Development Team works on tasks during the Sprint.

4. Daily Stand-ups ensure communication and transparency.

5. At Sprint Review, team demonstrates work to stakeholders for feedback.

6. In Sprint Retrospective, team reflects on what worked and what to improve.

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💡 Why Use Scrum? (Benefits)

• Faster Delivery: Regular working software increments.

• Flexibility: Can handle changing requirements.

• Transparency: Everyone knows project progress.

• Customer Involvement: Frequent feedback.

• Team Collaboration: Self-organizing, empowered teams.

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🔑 Summary of Scrum Fundamentals

Element	Description
Framework Type	Agile, iterative, incremental
Main Roles	Product Owner, Scrum Master, Development Team
Artifacts	Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, Increment
Events	Sprint, Planning, Daily Scrum, Review, Retrospective
Sprint Duration	2-4 weeks (time-boxed)
Focus	Deliver working product, adapt to changes